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Bài viết 100 Bài tập -ING và -ED Clause có đáp án chi tiết giúp bạn có thêm nguồn bài tập tự luyện để nắm vững cách sử dụng -ING và -ED Clause từ đó giúp bạn học tốt Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh hơn.

100 Bài tập -ING và -ED Clause có đáp án

Bài tập -ING và -ED Clause (phần 1)

Bài 1: Make one sentence from two. Complete the sentence with an -ing clause.

1. A bell was ringing. I was woken up by it.

I was woken up by a bell ringing.

2. A man was sitting next to me on the plane. I didn't talk much to him.

I didn't talk much to the ....................... .

3. A taxi was taking us to the airport.It broke down.

The ............................................. .

4. There 's a path at the end of this streer. The path leads to the river.

At the end of the street there's a .............. .

5. A factory has just opened in the town. It employs 500 people.

A ............................................... .

6. The company sent me a brochure. It contained the information I needed.

The company sent me ............................. .

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

2. the man sitting next to me on the plane

3. the taxi taking us to the airport

4. a path leading to the river

5. A factory employing 500 people.

6. a brochure containing the information I needed.

Bài 2: Make one sentence from two, beginning as shown. Each time make an -ed clause.

1. A boy was injured in the accident. He was taken to hospital.

The boy injured in the accident was taken to hospital.

2. A gate was damaged in the storm. It has now been repaired.

The gate ....... has now been repaired.

3. A number of suggestions were made at the meeting. Most of them were not very practical.

Most of the ....... were not very practical.

4. Some paintings were stolen from the museum. They haven' been found yet.

The ....... haven't been found yet.

5. A man was arrested by the police. What was his name?

What was the name of .......... ?

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

2. damaged in the storm

3. Most of the suggestions made at the meeting

4. The paintings stolen from the museum.

5. the man arrested by the police.

Bài 3: Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the correct form:

blow    call    invite    live    offer    read    ring    sit    study    work

1. I was woken up by a bell ringing.

2. Some of the people invited to the party can't come.

3. Life must be very unpleasant for people…near busy airports.

4. A few days after the interview, I received a letter .... me the job.

5. Somebody .... Jack phoned while you were out.

6. There was a tree .... down in the storm last night.

7. The waiting room was empty except for a young man .... by the window .... a magazine.

8. Ian has a brother .... in a bank in London and a sister .... economics at university in Manchester.

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

3. living

4. offering

5. called

6. blown

7. sitting .... reading

8. working .... studying

Bài 4: Use the words in brackets to make sentences using There is/There was ...

1. That house is empty. (nobody/live/in it)

There's nobody ling in it.

2. The accident wasn't serious. (nobody/injure)

There was nobody injured.

3. I can hear foorsteps. (somebody/come)

...............................

4. The train was full (a lot of people/travel)

...............................

5. We were the only guests at the hotel. (nobody else/stay there)

...............................

6. The piece of paper was blank. (nothing/write/on it)

...............................

7. The college offers English courses in the evening. (a course/begin/next Monday)

...............................

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

3. There's somebody coming

4. There were a lot of people traveling.

5. There was nobody else staying there.

6. There was nothing written on it.

7. There's a course beginning next Monday.

Bài tập -ING và -ED Clause (phần 2)

Bài 1: Choose from box A and box B to make sentences. Use an -ing clause.

	A	B
1	Kate was in the kitchen.	She was trying not to make a noise.
2	Diane was sitting in an armchair.	She looked at the sights and took photographs.
3	Sue opened the door carefully.	She said she would be back in an hour.
4	Sarah went out.	She was reading a book.
5	Linda was in London for two years.	She was making coffee.
6	Mary walked around the town.	She worked as a tourist guide.

1. Kate was in the kitchen making coffee.

2. Diane was sitting ....................

3. Sue ..................................

4. ......................................

5. ......................................

6. ......................................

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

2. Diane was sitting in an armchair reading a book.

3. Sue opened the door carefully trying not to make a noise.

4. Sarah went out saying she would be back in an hour.

5. Linda was in London for two years working as a tourist guide.

6. Mary walked sights and round the town looking at the sights and taking photographs.

Bài 2: Make one sentence from two using an –ing clause.

1. Joe was playing football. He hurt his knee.

Joe hurt his knee playing football.

2. I was watching television. I fell asleep.

I ........................................

3. A friend of mine slipped and fell. He was getting off a bus.

A friend of mine .........................

4. I was walking home in the rain. I got very wet.

I ........................................

5. Laura was driving to work yesterday. She has an accident.

..........................................

6. Two firefighters were overcome by smoke. They were trying to put out the fire.

..........................................

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

2. I fell asleep watching television

3. A friend of mine slipped and fell getting off a bus

4. I got very wet walking home in the rain.

5. Laura had an accident driving to work yesterday.

6. Two firefighter were overcome by smoke trying to put out the fire.

Bài 3: Make sentences beginning Having ....

1. She finished her work. Then she went home.

Having finished her work, she went home.

2. We bought our tickets. Then we went into the theatre.

..........................................

3. They had dinner and then they continued their journey.

..........................................

4. After I'd done the shopping. I went for a cup of coffee.

..........................................

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

2. Having bought our tickets we went into the theatre.

3. Having had dinner, they continued their journey.

4. Having done the shopping I went for a cup of coffee.

Bài 4: Make sentences beginning –ing or Not –ing. Sometimes you need to begin with Having ....

1. I felt tired. So I went to bed early.

Feeling tired I went to bed early.

2. I thought they might be hungry. So I offered them something to eat.

..........................................

3. She is a foreigner. So she needs a visa to work in this country.

..........................................

4. I didn't know his phone number. So I wasn't able to contact him.

..........................................

5. Sarah has travelled a lot. So she knows a lot about other countries.

..........................................

6. I wasn't able to speak the local language. So I had trouble communicating.

..........................................

7. We had spent nearly all our money. So we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.

..........................................

Đáp án & Hướng dẫn:

2. Thinking they might be hungry, I offered them something to eat.

3. Being a foreigner she needs a visa to work in this country.

4. Not knowing his phone number, I wasn't able to contact him.

5. Having travelled a lot, Sarah knows a lot about other countries.

6. Not being able to speak the local language, I had trouble communicating.

7. Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel

Ngữ pháp -ING và -ED Clause

A. Mệnh đề -ing trong tiếng Anh

Bạn xét ví dụ:

- Feeling tired, I went to bed early.

(Cảm thấy mệt, tôi đã đi ngủ sớm.)

Trong câu trên:

• I went to bed early là mệnh đề chính (main clause)

• Feeling tired là mệnh đề -ing (hay -ing clause).

Chúng ta sử dụng Mệnh đề -ing trong các trường hợp sau:

• Sử dụng mệnh đề -ing (-ing clause) khi nói đến hai điều xảy ra đồng thời: chúng ta có thể dùng -ing cho một trong hai động từ diễn tả hai hành động đó. Ví dụ:

  - She was sitting in a chair reading a book.

  (Cô ta đang ngồi trên ghế đọc sách.)

  - I ran out of the house shouting.

  (Tôi chạy ra khỏi nhà hét lên.)

• Chúng ta cũng có thể sử dụng mệnh đề -ing khi một hành động xảy ra trong suốt thời gian một hành động khác đang xảy ra. Dùng -ing cho hành động dài hơn. Trong trường hợp này, -ing đã thay thế cho từ nối while (trong khi) hoặc when (khi).

  - Jim hurt his arm playing tennis. (= while he was playing tennis)

  (Jim đau tay khi chơi tennis.)

  - I cut myself shaving. (= while I was shaving)

  (Tôi cắt phải mình khi đang cạo râu.)

  Cũng có thể dùng -ing khi có mặt while hoặc when.

  - Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis.

  - Be careful when crossing the road.

  (Hãy cẩn thận lúc băng qua đường.)

• Khi một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác, ta có thể dùng having + Quá khứ phân từ (past participle) cho hành động xảy ra trước.

  - Having found a hotel, they looked for somewhere to have dinner.

  (Đã tìm thấy một khách sạn, họ tìm chỗ để ăn tối.)

  - Having finished our work, we went home.

  (Đã làm xong công việc, chúng tôi về nhà.)

  Cũng có thể dùng after (sau khi) với -ing trong trường hợp này. Ví dụ:

  - After finishing our work, we went home.

  (Sau khi làm xong việc, chúng tôi về nhà.)

  Nếu hành động sau xảy ra tức thì ngay sau hành động đầu, bạn có thể dùng đơn giản mệnh đề -ing không nhất thiết phải dùng having.

  - Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.

  (Lấy chìa khóa ra khỏi túi, anh ta mở cửa.)

  Cấu trúc này thường được dùng nhất là trong văn viết tiếng Anh.

• Mệnh đề -ing còn được dùng để giải thích thêm một điều gì cho mệnh đề chính.

  - Feeling tired, I went to bed early. (= because I felt tired.)

  (Cảm thấy mệt, tôi đi ngủ sớm. (= bởi vì tôi thấy mệt))

  - Having already seen the film twice, I don't want to go to the cinema.

  (Đã xem bộ phim hai lần rồi tôi không muốn đi xem phim.)

  Cấu trúc này thường dùng trong văn viết hơn là văn nói.

• Mệnh đề -ing còn được dùng với tính cách như một mệnh đề quan hệ trong câu.

  - Do you know the girl talking to Tom?

  (Anh có biết cô gái đang nói chuyện với Tom không?)

  Chúng ta dùng mệnh đề -ing như thế này trong trường hợp nói ai đang làm gì (is doing hoặc was doing) trong một thời điểm riêng biệt.

  Bạn xem xét kỹ các ví dụ sau:

  - I was woken by a bell ringing.

  (Tôi bị đánh thức bởi một tiếng chuông reo.)

  - Who was that man standing outside?

  (Gã đàn ông đang đứng ở ngoài đó là ai vậy?)

  - Can you hear someone singing?

  (Anh có nghe ai đang hát không?)

  Như vậy mệnh đề -ing chỉ đóng vai trò mệnh đề quan hệ khi mệnh đề này chỉ một hành động đang tiếp diễn.

• Khi nói đến đồ vật, chúng ta cũng có thể dùng mệnh đề -ing cho các đặc điểm nổi bật của nó, điều mà lúc nào cũng vậy chứ không phải trong một thời điểm riêng biệt nào đó. Trong trường hợp này không nên dịch là đang...

  - The road joining the two villages is very narrow.

  (Con đường nối hai làng rất hẹp.)

  - I live in a room overlooking the garden.

  (Tôi sống trong một căn phòng trông xuống vườn.)

Chúng ta cũng thường dùng mệnh đề -ing và mệnh đề -ed sau there is/there was,...

Ví dụ:

- Is there anybody waiting to see me?

(Có ai đang đợi gặp tôi không?)

- There were some children swimming in the river.

Có vài đứa trẻ đang bơi dưới sông.

B. Mệnh đề -ed trong tiếng Anh

Mệnh đề -ed (hay -ed clause) cũng được sử dụng như mệnh đề -ing (-ing clause) nhưng có nghĩa bị động. Động từ dùng trong mệnh đề -ed này là ở dạng Quá khứ phân từ (Past Participle).

Ví dụ:

- The man injured in the accident was taken to hospital.

(Người đàn ông bị thương trong tai nạn được đưa tới bệnh viện.)

- None of the people invited to the party can come.

(Không có ai được mời dự tiệc đến được cả.)

- The money stolen in that day was never found.

(Số tiền bị mất trong ngày hôm đó không bao giờ được tìm thấy.)

- Most of the goods made in this factory are exported.

(Hầu hết hàng hóa làm trong nhà máy này đều được xuất khẩu.)

Chúng ta cũng thường dùng mệnh đề -ing và mệnh đề -ed sau there is/there was,...

Xem thêm bài tập ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh có đáp án chi tiết hay khác:

• Bài tập Tính từ tận cùng bằng -ing & -ed
• Bài tập Thứ tự tính từ: tính từ trước danh từ
• Bài tập Tính từ & Trạng từ
• Bài tập Cách sử dụng so & such
• Bài tập Cách sử dụng enough & too
• Bài tập Cách sử dụng quite & rather

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